The universe consists of biotic and abiotic components. Biotic components (living organisms) are huge numbers and very diverse. Starting from the sea, lowlands, up in the mountains, there are living creatures which are numerous and very diverse. Because numerous and diverse, then we will have difficulty in identifying and studying living things. To make it easier to identify and study the living things we need ways. The way to facilitate us in identifying and studying living things called Classification System (classification / grouping).
Classification Living
In the 18th century Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778), a biologist from Sweden introduced the classification of living things based on structural similarities. Living beings who have the same body structure is placed in a single group. When in a group found differences, then separated into smaller groups again and so on. This results in each small group has the characteristic equation. In this way, the creatures that exist on the surface of the earth is divided into two (2) large groups living world, namely: the world and the world of Animalia animals or plants or Plantae. Furthermore, each world will be divided into smaller groups called taxon-taxon. Animal world will be divided into taxon-taxon as follows:
Kingdom or empire.
Phyla.
Class or classes.
The Order or the nation.
Familia or tribe.
Genus or clan.
Species or type.
In the plant world is divided into taxon-taxon namely:
Kingdom or empire.
Division.
Class or classes.
The Order or the nation.
Familia or tribe.
Genus or clan.
Species or type.
Moreover, in the classification of living things using a system called the Binomial System Nomenclature (double name system) having the following rules:
According RH.Whittaker supported by many biologists, in 1969 developed the classification of living things using the five-kingdom system as follows:
1. Monera
Living creatures belonging monera have prokaryotic cells have no membrane or core. This group consists of bacteria and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria).
2. Protists
Living creatures are classified as protists have a nucleus of eukaryotic cells or membrane. Protists generally has properties between animals and plants. Group of protists that resemble animals are protozoa and protists are algae that resemble plants.
3. Fungi
Fungi have eukaryotic cells. Fungi can not produce their own food. Way of eating are heterotrophic, ie absorb organic substances from the environment so that life is parasitic and saprophytic. Fungi belonging to the group are all fungi except mushrooms lenders (Myxomycota) and water molds (oomycota).
4. Plantae
Plants have eukaryotic cells. His body consists of many cells that have berdifirensiasi form a network. Plants have chloroplasts so that it can make their own food (are autotrophs). This group consists of, mosses, ferns, gymnosperm and seed plants closed.
5. Animalia
Animals have eukaryotic cells. His body composed of many cells that have berdifirensiasi form a network. Animals can not make their own food are heterotrophic. This group consists of all the animals, ie animals invertebrates (invertebrate) and vertebrate animals (vertebrates).
Tata Scientific Name:
1. Using scientific language (Latin)
2. Consists of two words, the first word indicates the genus, the second word indicates the species
3. Letter front of the first word to use capital letters, the first letter said the two uses letters instead of capital
4. Writing manually should be underlined, writing with a computer should be underlined or italics or bold print
Species consists of two words, the first word indicates the genus and the second word indicates the nature of the specifications.
The first word begins with a capital letter and the second word in lowercase. Using the Latin or scientific or language dilatinkan with italicized or underlined bawahi.Contoh: Banana species name; Musa paradisiaca L, Genus: Musa, Species: paradisiaca. Some reasons for using the Latin classification, because: So that no mistake in identifying living things because there is no living creature names exactly the same, the scientific name is rarely changed, the scientific name is written in the same language around the world.
